Portland cement, the most common type of cement in general use around the world as a basic ingredient of concrete, mortar, stucco, and non-speciality grout, was developed in England in the mid 19th century, and usually originates from limestone.
This article surveys the historical development of cement, its manufacture from raw materials, its composition and properties, and the testing of those properties.
Cement is a fine gray powder that is mixed with water and other substances to make mortar or concrete. It is a key building material in both residential and commercial construction work.
While the terms are often used interchangeably, cement and concrete are not the same thing. Infrequently used on its own, cement is actually an ingredient in concrete.